Persistent high NTpro-BNP concentration as a negative prognostic factor in patients with decompensated heart failure

INTRODUCTION: Monitoring of natriuretic peptide concentration may be useful for the identification of high-risk patients presenting with decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF). AIM: Assessment of the predicting value of a significant decrease (by > or =20% vs. baseline) of N-terminal proBNP (NTpro-BNP, ROCHE) concentration during hospitalisation in patients with decompensated CHF. METHODS: This study involved 54 patients admitted to our centre because of CHF decompensation. Concentration of NTpro-BNP was measured on admission and at discharge from hospital. Primary end-points of this study were overall mortality and mortality with a number of cardiovascular-related readmissions. RESULTS: Mean NTpro-BNP concentration on admission was 7435+/-10040 pg/ml and at the time of discharge from hospital -- 4816+/-7822 pg/ml. In 31 (57%) patients a significant decrease (> or =20% vs baseline value) in NTpro-BNP level (mean: -58%+/-21%) was noted, while in the remainder (23 patients; 43%) neither an increase nor a decrease in NTpro-BNP levels was observed (mean: +72%+/-132%) despite optimal treatment and stabilisation of the clinical status. The mean follow-up duration was 358+/-240 days. Cox analysis showed that the absence of significant NTpro-BNP level decrease was associated with an increased risk of death -- RR: 3.69 (95% CI: 1.10-12.37; p=0.035) and was the single independent risk factor for readmission due to cardiovascular-related reasons and/or death -- RR: 2.29 (95% CI: 1.20-4.35; p=0.01). In the group of 23 patients with an increase or decrease in NTpro-BNP concentration of more than or equal to 20%, the survival rate was 65% vs. 87% in the remainder (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The lack of a significant (> or =20%) decrease of NTpro-BNP level during hospitalisation correlates with a higher mortality and rate of readmissions. NTpro-BNP level monitoring may be of clinical importance for risk stratification in patients hospitalised for decompensated CHF.