肠道菌群在恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

近年来，关于肠道菌群与恶性肿瘤的治疗关系一直都是研究热点。有利的肠道菌群结构可以促进上皮肿瘤或者黑色素瘤患者抗PD-1免疫治疗疗效，并且这种疗效可以通过粪菌移植来实现。对于接受盆腔放疗的患者，肠道菌群结构发生明显变化，而服用益生菌可改善放疗引起的腹泻等不适反应。相关研究表明，化疗后患者的肠道菌群发生明显变化，提升相关菌群的数量可提高化疗耐受性和疗效。调整肠道菌群有望成为恶性肿瘤新的辅助治疗手段。

Research progress of gut microbiota in the treatment of malignant tumors

In recent years, the relationship between gut microbiota and malignant tumors has been a hot topic. Beneficial gut microbiota microenviroment can promote the efficacy of anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial or melanoma, and this efficacy can be achieved by fecal microbiota transplantation. For patients who have received pelvic radiotherapy, gut microbiota composition is significantly changed, and taking probiotics can reduce the radiation-induced toxicities such as diarrhea caused by radiotherapy. The studies have shown that the gut microbiotaof patients who have been given chemotherapy had changed significantly. So improving the related bacteria number can increase the efficacy and tolerance. Balancing the gut microbiome is expected to be a new supportive therapy for the treatment of malignant tumors.