肥胖对乘员碰撞损伤影响机制的研究进展

现有汽车安全设计和法规主要是基于标准体型的50百分位人群，在肥胖人群不断增长的趋势下，研究肥胖乘员的碰撞损伤和防护越来越重要。现有研究中多采用事故统计分析、尸体实验、多刚体模型和有限元模型等方法 探讨肥胖乘员的损伤机制，肥胖对乘员的碰撞损伤主要有泡沫效应假说、躯干几何形状变化假说和质量效应假说等多种提法，可见肥胖乘员的损伤机制尚不明确。在全面总结肥胖乘员的碰撞损伤机制基础上，阐述当前肥胖乘员碰撞损伤研究所面临的问题及未来研究的发展方向。

Research Progress about the Effect of Obesity on Occupant Impact Injury Mechanism

Modern vehicle safety design and safety regulations are mostly based on 50th percentile populations. However, with the increase of obese populations, it is very important to investigate the injury mechanism and protection of obese occupant. Methods such as traffic accidents statistics, cadaver experiments, multi-body modeling and finite element modeling, are currently used to study the injury mechanism of obese occupants. Different hypotheses including cushion effect, body geometrical effect and mass increasing effect have been put forward to explain the effect of obesity on occupant injury mechanism, which means that its mechanism is still uncertain. The impact injury mechanisms of obese occupant were comprehensively summarized. Furthermore, the problems confronted by the research of current obese occupant impact injury and future investigations were proposed in this study.