气虚质与疾病的相关性：基于332项临床研究的文献计量分析

[目的] 基于中医体质与疾病相关性临床研究文献的报告，探讨和分析气虚质与疾病的关联性。[方法] 全面检索和纳入2009年4月《中医体质分类与判定》标准发布以来至2018年12月31日国内外所有应用该标准开展的中医体质和疾病相关性临床研究文献，总结各文献报告的结果，从中筛选、整理和分析气虚质与疾病关联性的临床研究证据。[结果] 共有332篇体病相关临床研究文献的结果报告了气虚质在相关疾病人群中所占比例最高，或气虚质是相关疾病的危险因素或保护因素。气虚质是糖尿病、脑卒中/梗死、艾滋病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、冠心病、高血压、亚健康、慢性乙型肝炎、痛经、乳腺癌、失眠、大肠息肉、肺癌、骨质疏松症、慢性疲劳综合征、慢性胃炎等疾病人群中分布最高的体质类型，其比例在17.5%~47.5%之间。气虚质在肥胖、糖尿病、慢性疲劳综合征、焦虑症等疾病人群中的比例高于非疾病人群。[结论] 气虚质与心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、亚健康状态以及多种常见高发的肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、慢性传染性疾病等具有一定的关联性，建议今后开展更多高质量大样本的中医体质和疾病相关性临床研究及系统评价进一步明确气虚质与这些疾病的关联性，为中医临床诊疗和治未病提供参考。

Correlation between qi deficiency constitution and disease: a bibliometric analysis of 332 observational studies

[Objective] To investigate and analyze the correlation between qi deficiency constitution and disease based on the existing clinical research evidences. [Methods] Clinical studies on the correlation between body constitution and diseases by using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ) were systematically searched and included from April 2009 to December 31,2018. Results from included studies were summarized,so as to analyze the correlation between constitution and disease between qi deficiency constitution and disease. [Results] A total of 332 studies reported that qi deficiency constitution had the highest proportion among patients with related diseases,or qi deficiency constitution was a risk factor or protective factor for related diseases. Qi deficiency constitution was the most common type among populations with diabetes,stroke/infarction,AIDS,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,coronary heart disease,hypertension,sub-health,chronic hepatitis B,dysmenorrhea,breast cancer,insomnia,colorectal polyps,lung cancer,osteoporosis,chronic fatigue syndrome and chronic gastritis,and its proportion was between 17.5% and 47.5%. The proportion of qi deficiency constitution in obesity,diabetes,chronic fatigue syndrome,anxiety is higher than that of non-disease people. [Conclusion] Qi deficiency constitution is associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes,sub-health status,and many common high-risk tumors,respiratory diseases,digestive diseases,and chronic infectious diseases. It is recommended to carry out more observational studies with higher quality and larger sample size in future,in order to further clarify the correlation between qi deficiency constitution and these diseases,and provide reference for clinical practice and prevention of traditional Chinese medicine.