青少年近视配戴角膜塑形镜前后眼轴长度的变化

目的：观察青少年近视配戴角膜塑形镜前后眼轴长度的变化。

方法：选取2014-07/2017-10在西安交通大学第一附属医院眼视光中心配戴角膜塑形镜的8～16岁青少年近视102例为研究对象，观察其戴镜后1、2、3a眼轴变化情况，对研究对象的右眼数据进行统计分析。

结果：青少年近视102例配戴角膜塑形镜3a后，眼轴增长0.42±0.37mm，低、中、高度近视组眼轴分别增长0.65±0.35、0.32±0.37、0.30±0.29mm，高度近视组(夜戴角膜塑形镜联合白天全矫框架眼镜)眼轴增长最慢； 配戴时间与戴镜前屈光度、起始治疗年龄之间均存在交互作用(P<0.001)； 而配戴时间和性别之间无交互作用(F=0.292，P=0.695)，男、女性戴镜后的眼轴变化速率未见差异。

结论：低、中、高度近视青少年配戴角膜塑形镜后眼轴长度均有增长，高度近视青少年夜间配戴角膜塑形镜联合白天全矫框架眼镜眼轴增长速度慢于低中度近视者。

Effect of orthokeratology on myopia control in adolescents

AIM: To investigate the related factors influencing the myopia control effect in adolescents with orthokeratology.

METHODS: This study selected 102 adolescents who wearing ortho-k lens in the First Affiliation Hospital of Xi''an Jiaotong University during July 2014-October 2017.Their axial elongation, refraction, wearing time were observed.

RESULTS: After 3a treatment, the axial elongation of 102 adolescents increased 0.42±0.37mm. Among the low myopia, the middle and high myopia groups, the axial elongation increased 0.65±0.35mm, 0.32±0.37mm and 0.30±0.29mm, respectively. The axial elongation in the high myopia groups was the most slowest(the combination of orthokeratology and spectacles); There was an interaction between the wearing time and the initial refraction, the wearing time and the initial age(all P<0.001). It is suggested that the axial elongation is slower in middle-high myopia than that in the low myopia. The axial elongation was slower in the older adolescents than that in the younger adolescents; There was no interaction between wearing time and gender(F=0.292, P=0.695). The axial elongation has no difference between male and female.

CONCLUSION: The initial refraction and the initial age of myopic adolescents were important factors influencing axial elongation. The combination of orthokeratology and spectacles has effection in controlling axial elongation.