不同剂量方案贝伐珠单抗治疗放射性脑坏死的疗效观察

目的 评估贝伐珠单抗治疗放射性脑坏死（cerebral radiation necrosis，CRN）的疗效及安全性，为临床合理应用提供指导。方法 回顾性分析既往接受甘露醇及激素治疗失败的或初治的放射性脑坏死患者14例。所有入组患者按治疗方案的不同分为2组（5.0 mg/kg组每14 d重复1次和7.5 mg/kg组每21 d重复1次）。分别比较2组患者头颅MRI T1W1相增强病灶的变化情况及T2W1相病灶水肿情况，记录患者的临床症状、卡氏（KPS）评分改变情况及药物的不良反应。结果 14例患者均完成了至少2个周期的治疗。治疗2个周期后，2组患者KPS评分均较前改善，5.0 mg/kg组KPS评分较治疗前平均提高31.66分，7.5 mg/kg组KPS评分较治疗前平均提高27.50分。分别比较2组患者治疗前后的MRI T1W1相增强病灶的变化情况及T2W1相病灶水肿变化情况均有不同程度改善，其中5.0 mg/kg组CRN病灶体积平均减少（46.0±9.4）%（t=6.57，P<0.05），病灶水肿区体积平均减少（68.9±8.9）%（t=3.32，P<0.05），7.5 mg/kg组CRN病灶体积平均减少（53.9±10.7）%（t=7.89，P<0.05），病灶水肿区体积平均减少（77.1±14.3）%（t=4.22，P<0.05），差异有统计学意义。而2组患者在CRN病灶平均体积及病灶水肿区体积的减小程度上比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。5.0 mg/kg组患者总的治疗过程中与7.5 mg/kg组相比，不良事件发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 贝伐珠单抗能明显改善放射性脑坏死患者的临床症状并提高生活质量，5.0 mg/kg每14 d重复1次的治疗方案安全性与7.5 mg/kg每21 d重复1次的治疗方案相似，对CRN的治疗有借鉴意义。

Therapeutic effect of different doses of bevacizumab on radiation brain necrosis

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in the treatment of radiation brain necrosis, and to provide guidance for rational clinical application. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of 14 patients with radiation brain necrosis who had failed to receive mannitol and hormone treatment or had been treated for the first time. All the patients were divided into two groups according to different treatment regimens (5.0 mg/kg repeated every 14 d and 7.5 mg/kg repeated every 21 d). The changes of enhanced lesions in MRI T1W1 phase and edema in T2W1 phase were compared separately in the two groups. The clinical symptoms, changes of KPS score and adverse drug reactions were recorded. Results Totally 14 patients completed at least two cycles of treatment. After two cycles of treatment, the KPS scores of both groups were improved. The KPS scores of 5.0 mg/kg group were increased by 31.66 points on average compared with those before treatment. The KPS scores of 7.5 mg/kg group were increased by 27.50 points on average compared with those before treatment. The volume of CRN lesions were decreased(46.0±9.4)%(t=6.57,P<0.05) and the volume of edema lesions decreased(68.9±8.9)%(t=3.32,P<0.05) in 5.0 mg/kg group. In 7.5 mg/kg group, these two parameters were reduced by(53.9±10.7)%(t=7.89,P<0.05 and (77.1±14.3)%(t=4.22,P<0.05), respectively. There was no significant difference in the reduction of the mean volume of CRN lesions and the volume of edema area between the two groups (P>0.05). In this study, the incidence of adverse events in the 5.0 mg/kg group was similar to that in the 7.5 mg/kg group, with no significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusions Bevacizumab can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients with radiation brain necrosis. The safety of 5.0 mg/kg treatment regimen repeated every 14 d is similar to that of 7.5 mg/kg treatment regimen repeated every 21 d, which can be used for reference in the treatment of CRN.