局部进展期低位直肠癌新辅助治疗

直肠癌是全世界范围内最常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤之一．而在我国低位直肠癌是最常见的肿瘤类型．且多处于局部进展期。术前新辅助治疗观念的出现改变了传统的以Miles手术为主的直接切除治疗模式．并在降低局部复发率、提高根治性切除率和提高肛门括约肌保留率等方面表现出令人满意的疗效。然而．新辅助治疗具体方案目前并未统一。包括放疗疗程与剂量、化疗药物选择、远期疗效评价等尚存争议。本文拟就上述热点与难点问题进行综述。

Neo-adjuvant therapy for locally advanced low rectalcancer

Rectal cancer is one of the most malignant tumors in gastrointestinal tract, while low rectal cancer with locally advanced stage is the most common type in China. The concept of neo-adjuvant therapy has challenged the traditional treatment strategy for rectal cancer, and has showed encouraging effects in local relapse control, radical resection and sphincter preservation. However, some important issues still remain controversial, including course and dose of radiotherapy, choice of chemotherapy regimen, long-term benefits. This article aims to review and discuss related issues of neo-adjuvant therapy.