黄海和渤海经济鱼类感染内弯宫脂线虫的调查

目的 调查我国黄海、渤海经济鱼类感染异尖科内弯宫脂线虫（Hysterothylacium aduncum）状况。方法 购买石岛渔港销售的鱼类93种941尾，分别解剖收集消化道内线虫，标本经乳酚酸透明，光镜下观察鉴定，同时用扫描电镜观察其超微结构。 结果 调查的93种鱼类中，有14种感染内弯宫脂线虫，占15.1%（14/93），其中感染率较高的为鮟鱇（Lophius litulon， 66.7%）、鳕鱼（Gadus macrocephalus， 47.5%）、马鲅（Scomberomorus niphonius，33.3%）等，首次发现内弯宫脂线虫可在软骨鱼史氏鳐（Raja smirnovi）体内寄生。此外不同宿主体内感染的内弯宫脂线虫形态特征有较大差异，如侧翼宽度以及肠盲囊的长度等有所不同。 结论 黄渤海经济鱼类感染内弯宫脂线虫的情况比较严重，不同宿主鱼类体内感染的内弯宫脂线虫可能是由不同虫体组成的复合体。

Investigation on the Nematode of Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae) from Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea in China

Objective To investigate Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae) infection in marine fishes from Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. Methods Nematodes were collected from the digestive tract of fishes, fixed with hot 4% formalin and preserved in 70% ethanol for study. The specimens were cleared in lactophenol for light microscopical examination, and properly treated for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results Among the fishes examined, 14 out of 93 species (15.1%) were found infected by H.aduncum, with a higher prevalence in the fish of Lophius litulon(66.7%), Scomber-omorus niphonius(47.5%), and Gadus macrocephalus(33.3%). H.aduncum infection was first recorded in elasmobranch-Raja smirnovi. Morphological differences of H.aduncum were observed, including the width of lateral alae and the length of intestinal caecum. Conclusion H.aduncum in fishes of Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea in China may be a complex species, and its high prevalence in some fishes reminds the risk of anisakiasis by eating raw fishes.