AIDS家庭中青少年心理卫生问题及其影响因素分析

目的]探索安徽省艾滋病流行县AIDS家庭中青少年心理卫生问题及其影响因素,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法]从安徽省6个艾滋病综合防治项目县（萧县、利辛、界首、临泉、濉溪、郎溪）抽取168个AIDS家庭（每户父母双方至少有一方HIV检测阳性）,每个家庭调查1名10～18岁青少年,共调查了168名AIDS家庭中的青少年。使用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、多维学生生活满意度量表（MSLSS）、自尊量表（SES）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、家庭支持量表（PSS-Fa）及一般项目进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析和Logistic回归分析对各组指标进行分析。结果]AIDS家庭中青少年心理卫生问题总检出率为20.2%,年龄越大检出率越高。积极应对和消极应对得分与SCL-90各因子得分均显著相关。年龄越大、同学朋友关系疏远、消极应对得分越高是AIDS家庭中青少年心理卫生问题的危险因素,积极应对和家庭支持得分越高是AIDS家庭中青少年心理卫生问题的保护因素。AIDS家庭中青少年心理卫生问题主要受积极应对、消极应对、家庭支持和同学朋友关系的影响。结论]改善AIDS家庭中青少年的应对方式,促进家庭成员间的相互支持,改变农村有关艾滋病歧视现象是促进AIDS家庭中青少年心理健康的重要途径。

ANALYSIS ON THE MENTAL HEALTH STATUS OF ADOLENCENTS OF HIV-INFECTED PARENTS AND THE INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

Objective]To explore the mental health status of adolescents whose parents were infected with HIV and the influential factors in counties with AIDS epidemic in Anhui Province.Methods]168 adolescents aged from 10 to 18 years were selected,they came from 168 AIDS families which were sampled randomly from six AIDS integrated control counties in Anhui Province,and at least one of the parents in AIDS family was detected to be HIV positive.All participants were required to complete an anonymous questionnaire.Psychological health,life satisfaction,self-esteem,coping style and family support were evaluated by SCL-90,Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale(MSLSS),Self-esteem Scale(SES),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)and Perceived Social Support from Family Scale(PSS-Fa).Pearson correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the obtained data.Results]20.2% of the adolescents got the total score of SCL-90 more than 160 or got the score of at least one of 10 factors more than 3,and the proportion became higher with the increase of age.The scores of positive and negative coping style were significantly related with the respective score of 10 factors of SCL-90.The higher score of positive coping style and family support were protective factors for the mental health of adolescents.While higher age,the estranged relationship with schoolmates or friends and the higher score of negative coping style were risk factors for their mental health.Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that positive coping style,negative coping style,family support and the relationship with schoolmates or friends were the main influential factors of the mental health of adolescents in AIDS family.Conclusions]Improving the coping style of adolescents in AIDS family,promoting the mutual support of family members,changing the discrimination against AIDS in rural area are the important approach to advancing the mental health of adolescents whose parents living with AIDS or HIV.