全关节镜下肌腱重建与切开腓韧带重建治疗膝关节后外旋转不稳定的对比

目的：对比全关节镜下腘肌腱重建技术和切开腘腓韧带重建技术治疗膝关节后外复合体损伤的临床随访结果。方法： 2003年8月至2010年12月就诊于北京积水潭医院的33例膝关节后交叉韧带损伤合并A型后外复合体损伤的患者，对所有患者行后交叉韧带重建和后外复合体重建手术（15例全关节镜下腘肌腱重建，18例切开的腘腓韧带重建）。术前和术后的膝关节稳定性评估包括膝关节应力像、KT-1000测量胫骨最大前后向位移和胫骨外旋试验。结果： 术后所有患者均获得2年以上随访。全关节镜下腘肌腱重建组与切开腘腓韧带重建组的膝关节应力像、KT-1000测量胫骨最大前后向位移和屈膝30°胫骨外旋试验在手术前后差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）。组间对比显示，除了术前膝关节应力像和KT-1000测量胫骨最大前后向位移在两组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.014,P<0.001），其他指标组间差异均没有统计学意义（P>0.05）。所有患者膝关节活动度没有伸直受限，两组术后屈膝受限分别为3.33°± 4.88°和3.06°± 3.38°。结论： 全关节镜下腘肌腱和切开腘腓韧带重建联合后交叉韧带重建能够显著改善膝关节后向和后外旋转稳定性，两种技术之间没有显著性差异。

Arthroscopic all-inside reconstruction for posterior cruciate ligament and popliteus tendon compared with popliteofibular ligament reconstruction:clinical outcome of minimum 2-year follow-up

Objective:To describe the clinical results of a one-stage operation for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and a posterolateral corner reconstruction of popliteus tendon reconstruction,com-pared with an open popliteofibular ligament reconstruction.Methods:Our study included 33 patients who had undergone posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of an achilles tendon-bone allograft and posterolateral corner reconstruction with arthroscopic anatomical reconstruction of popliteus tendon or open reconstruction of popliteofibular ligament.The patients were assessed for knee instability with use of the dial test at 30°and 90°,together with posterior stress radiography and KT-1000 measurement.Re-sults:The mean time of follow-up was more than 2 years.At the final follow-up evaluation,the tibial posterior translation as measured by stress radiography at 90°of knee flexion,the anterior-posterior trans-lation as measured by KT-1000,and the external rotation of tibia as measured by dial test were reduced postoperatively (P<0.001 )in both groups.Between the two groups,the preoperative tibial posterior translation as measured by stress radiography and the preoperative mean anterior-posterior translation as measured by KT-1000 in the popliteofibular ligament group were a little more than those in the popliteus tendon group (P=0.014,P<0.001).But the other comparisons were not significantly different (P>0.05).The final flexion losses were 3.33°±4.88°and 3.06°±3.38°for the two groups.Conclusion:Combined with posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,anatomical posterolateral corner reconstruc-tion of the popliteus tendon and open reconstruction of popliteofibular ligament showed similar out-comes.This study demonstrated that both posterolateral corner reconstruction techniques were a reliable alternative method in addressing posterolateral corner and posterior cruciate ligament insufficiency of the knee.