不同分娩方式产妇的焦虑抑郁情绪调查分析

目的：探讨不同分娩方式产妇焦虑抑郁情绪差异，分析其发生状况以及可能的影响因素。方法根据分娩方式不同将2013年10月至2014年5月在成都市某医院产科及某区妇幼保健院分娩的380例产妇分为剖宫产组和顺产组，采用自编一般信息问卷、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表分别对产妇进行测评。结果剖宫产组与顺产组焦虑情绪在产后前3 d 组间比较差异有统计学意义(t 1=-3.292、t 2=-2.316、t 3=-2.666；P 均<0.05)；经多元 logistic 回归分析筛选出剖宫产组的焦虑影响因素为泌乳量，顺产组产妇焦虑的影响因素为产后天数、产后下床活动时间及泌乳量；剖宫产产妇产后前3 d 抑郁情绪逐渐减轻但此后递增，顺产产妇5 d 内抑郁情绪逐渐减轻。运用多元 logistic 回归分析，筛选出剖宫产组抑郁情绪的影响因素为泌乳量、产后自行排尿时间，顺产组抑郁情绪的影响因素为泌乳量、产后天数。结论不同分娩方式的产妇均普遍存在产后焦虑抑郁情绪，关注产妇心理健康，适时进行心理干预，对产妇的产后恢复以及新生儿的健康成长具有重要意义。

Postpartum Anxiety and Depression in Different Delivery Modes

Objective To explore the different maternal anxiety and depression brought by different delivery modes,and analyze the occurrence and the possible influencing factors.Methods 380 cases of pregnant women hospitalized from October 2013 to May 2014 in one hospital and one Maternal & Child Health Hospital in Chengdu were divided into cesarean section group and natural birth group according to different modes of delivery,General information questionnaire,self rating depression scale,self rating anxiety scale were used to evaluate the maternity patients within 5 days after delivery.Results There was statistically significant difference between cesarean section group and natural birth group in terms of anxiety within the 3 days after delivery (t 1 =-3.292,t 2 =-2.31 6,t 3 =-2.666,P <0.05 ).Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed the influence factor of cesarean group's anxiety was lactation quantity,the influence factors of natural birth group were postpartum days,ambulation and anal exhaust time.Cesarean section group′s depression gradually reduced within the 3 days after delivery but increased afterwards;natural birth group's depression gradually reduced within 5 days.Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed the influence factors of cesarean group depression were lactation quantity and postpartum self urination time,and the influence factors of natural birth group were lactation quantity and postpartum days.Conclusion Postpartum anxiety and depression are common in both modes of delivery.It is of significant importance in postpartum recovery and the healthy growth of the infants to pay attention to the mental health of maternity patients and conduct psychological intervention in a timely manner.