半夏不同组分小鼠急性毒性的比较研究

目的对半夏全组分、水提组分和醇提组分进行小鼠急性毒性比较研究,以观察、评价半夏药材的急性毒性,为临床安全、合理用药提供依据。方法制备半夏全组分、水提组分和醇提组分样品,采用经典的小鼠急性毒性实验方法分别测定半夏全组分、水提组分的最大给药量和醇提组分的最大耐受量。结果半夏全组分的最大给药量（MLD）为34.8g/kg,水提组分的最大给药量（MLD）为300.0g/kg,醇提组分的最大耐受量（MTD）为99.2g/kg,分别相当于临床70kg人每公斤体重日用量的270.7倍、2333.3倍和771.6倍。结论半夏药材具有一定毒性,与药典、文献记载及临床应用相符。半夏醇提组分毒性大于水提组分及全组分,后两者基本安全、低毒。

Comparative Study on Acute Toxicity of Different Components of Rhizoma Pinelliae in Mice

Objective Mice＇s acute toxicity of different components of Rhizoma Pinellia was compared,to make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity of Rhizoma Pinelliae in order to provide a basis for safe and reasonable medication in clinic.Methods Preparing the all components,water extraction components and alcohol extraction components,then ig.all-components,water extract and alcohol extract of Rhizoma Pinelliae to mice and the MLD,MLD,MTD were tested respectively by the classic methods of acute toxicity.Results The MLD of all-components is 34.8g/kg;the MLD of water extract is 300.0g/kg and the MTD of alcohol extract is 99.2g/kg,which is respectively equal to 270.7 times,2 333.3 times and 771.6 times of 70kg people＇s daily dried medicinal herb expenses.Conclusion Rhizoma Pinelliae has certain toxicity,which is consistent with the pharmacopoeia,references and clinical application.The mice＇s acute toxicity of different components of Rhizoma Pinelliae is alcohol extraction componentswater extraction components and all-components,while the last two components are atoxic on the whole.