Insulin-like growth factor binding protein concentration and post- translational modification in embryological fluid |
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Authors: | Miell JP; Jauniaux E; Langford KS; Westwood M; White A; Jones JS |
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Institution: | Academic Department of Medicine, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK. |
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Abstract: | Levels of proteolytic activity directed against insulin-like growth factor
binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) and the distribution of phosphorylated isoforms
of IGFBP-1 were assessed in matched sample sets of maternal serum, coelomic
fluid and amniotic fluid from 21 pregnancies at 6-12 weeks gestation. In
addition, concentrations of immunoreactive IGFBP-1 to -3, insulin-like
growth factor (IGF)-I and - II were determined in all three compartments in
21 pregnancies, and in coelomic fluid and maternal serum in 58 pregnancies.
IGF-I concentrations were highest in maternal serum and similarly low in
coelomic and amniotic fluid. IGF-II concentrations were also highest in
maternal serum but easily detectable in coelomic fluid where concentrations
showed a significant correlation with gestational age. IGFBP-1
concentrations were higher in coelomic fluid than in either maternal serum
or amniotic fluid and showed a significant correlation with gestational age
in this compartment. Analysis of IGFBP-1 phosphoforms showed clear
differences in phosphorylation of IGFBP-1 between groups with maternal
serum containing predominantly the phosphorylated forms and coelomic fluid
almost exclusively the non- phosphorylated form. First trimester amniotic
fluid IGFBP-1 was barely detectable and appeared non-phosphorylated. These
findings suggest that the high IGF-II concentrations and lack of inhibitory
phosphoforms of IGFBP-1 in coelomic fluid could potentially enhance
mitogenic activity in the early human gestational sac. IGFBP-2
concentrations were high in coelomic fluid compared with maternal serum
whereas coelomic fluid IGFBP-3 concentrations were intermediate, easily
detectable and correlated strongly with gestational age. Protease activity
was far less in coelomic fluid than in matched maternal serum samples.
Marked differences in both concentrations and post-translational
modification of IGFBPs in maternal serum compared with embryonic fluid
suggest different regulatory pathways.
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