内毒素受体、内毒素血症与肝硬化

内毒素在肝脏内可激活Kupffer细胞,合成和释放多种细胞因子和炎症介质,使肝细胞受损,其作用机制主要是通过Kupffer细胞上的内毒素受体启动宿主免疫反应和效应功能。肝硬化患者因多种原因引起肠道菌群生长过度和菌群易位,可导致内毒素血症;反之,内毒素本身又可加重肝脏损伤。因此,通过改变肝硬化患者的肠道微生态,调节肠道菌群,可减少肠道内毒素的产生,防止内毒素血症的发生,减轻肝脏损伤,延缓肝硬化的进程。

Endotoxin Receptors, Endotoxemia and Liver Cirrhosis

Endotoxin might activate Kupffer cells in the liver,which synthesize and release many cytokines and inflammatory mediators and in turn injury the hepatocytes.This process is mainly through the endotoxin receptors on Kupffer cells,promoting the host immune response and their effects.In cirrhotic patients,gut flora overgrowth and bacterial translocation occur because of various causes and result in endotoxemia.Endotoxemia per se might aggravate liver injury.Therefore,by changing the gut microecosystem and regulating the gut flora,the endotoxin production in intestine can be reduced and the development of endotoxemia can be prevented,thereby reducing the liver injury and delaying the process of liver cirrhosis.