结核病人下呼吸道病原菌种鉴定和药敏分析

目的 分析结核病人下呼吸道感染的病原菌的种类和耐药情况，指导临床合理用药。方法 对我院2003年住院结核患者痰标本进行普通菌或霉菌培养，发现病原菌后进行菌种确定和抗菌药物体外药敏检测。结果 共分离599例次病原菌株，革兰氏阴性杆菌366株(61．1％)，白色念珠菌164株(27．4％)，革兰氏阳性球菌69株(11．5％)，均为葡萄球菌。革兰氏阴性杆菌药物敏感检测中头孢唑啉耐药率最高为75％，对妥布霉素耐药率最低为13．6％。结论 临床上应重视结核患者呼吸道感染的病原菌的鉴定和药敏检测，根据药敏结果合理、规范使用抗生素及抗结核药物。

Pathogenic bacteria identify and analysis of drug susceptibility in lower respiratory tract of tuberculosis patients

Objective To analyze the types and drug-resistance situation for the pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract of TB patients, and to provide reference guidance for clinicians in their use of the antibiotic. Methods The TB patients who were hospitalized in our hospital in 2003 were cultured for bacteria type fungus deveopment. For those patients whose results indicated sputum bacterial and fungus culture positive, their bacterial type was further tested and drug sensitive test to antibiotic was taken. Results 599 pathogenic bacteria strains were separated from sputum specimen. There were 366 strains of gram-negative bacilli (61.1%) and 164 candida albicans (27.4%). Sixty-nine were gram-positive cocci, and all were grape. The detection of drug sensitive testing suggested that cefazolin had the higest drug resistant, and tobramycin had the lowest. Conclusion The clinicians should take into account pathogenic bacteria identify and the antibiotic resistant testing. They should use antibiotic according to the results of drug sensitive testing.