2005年陕西省饮用高砷水筛查和砷中毒病情调查

目的筛查陕西省饮用水含砷量,调查砷中毒病情。方法在存在高砷水成因的村,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位,采集20份水源水,水砷采用二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法或砷化氢发生原子荧光光谱法测定：在水砷超过0.05mg／L的村,进行砷中毒流行病学调查。对人群中砷中毒病人的调查,按国家地方性砷中毒诊断标准进行诊断。结果在1893份水源水中,有12份含砷量超过0,05mg／L,分布于商洛市所属3个村,暴露人口3148人。饮用高砷水人群砷中毒的临床检出率为37．0％。结论矿物冶炼和开采引起水砷污染,导致砷中毒在陕西省商洛市流行。

Arsenic contents in drinking water and arsenism status: report of a provincial survey in Shaanxi Province in 2005

Objective To survey arsenic contents in drinking water and arsenism status in Shaanxi Province. Methods Twenty water samples were collected in four directions and the center of each village with high-arsenic underground water to measure arsenic content. Arsenic concentrations were determined by silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method or hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Arsenism was screened according to "Chinese Criteria for Clinical Diagnoses of Endemic Arsenism". Results Among 1 893 water samples, there were 12 high-arsenic waters with arsenic level beyond 0.05 mg/L distributing 3 villages in Shangluo City, and 3 148 people were exposed. The arsenism detectable rate reached 37.0% in high-arsenic water consuming population. Conclusions Ore mining and smelting induces high-arsenic drinking waters, resulting in arsenism prevalence in Shangluo City.