高血压大鼠(SHR)免疫缺陷机理分析

自发性高血压大鼠(Spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)是日本京都大学冈本和青木二氏以血压为指标,经过多代的选择培育,从Wistar大鼠分离成功的一个新的纯系大鼠。其主要病理学特征是,从生后8周起100%地发生高血压,5月龄以后收缩期血压可达200mmHg,因此,它已成为全世界研究高血压和心脑血管疾病的有用的动物模型。七十年代末期,Takeichi氏在一个偶然机会中发现SHR的胸腺细胞与豚鼠红细胞形成玫瑰花结的能力(RF)较其他大鼠明显低下。以此为线索,我们对SHR大鼠的免疫病理学进行了系统研究,并对其发生机理进行了初步探讨,现介绍如下。

Analysis of Mechanism on the Immune Deficiency in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats(SHR)

A strain of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)has been established as an animal modelfor essential human hypertension. These SHR also develop arterial lesions resembling humanperiarteritis nodosa.SHR possess a reduced number of rosette forming T cells as well as sho-wing selective depression of cell-mediatedmmune responses especially the antibody responses toSRBCwere also profoundly depressed owing to reduced number and impaired activity of helperT cells. The natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody(NTA) and deficiency of thymic hormonesecretion might be related to the selective suppression of T cell functions in SHR.The resultsfrom genetic crosses between SHR and ACI rats showed that the hypertensive disposition ofSHR is not linked to the gene responsible for T cell depression.But environmental factorsand aging affect the T cell depresion in SHR.The comparison between SHR and AIDS provid-ed a possidility that perhaps the SHR will de as an useful animal model for AIDS.