老年人主观幸福感与应激水平的相关性研究

目的：探讨老年人主观幸福感与应激水平的相关性。方法：以男性不小于60岁、女性不小于55岁的城市居民为研究对象,整群抽样,共346人。主观幸福感用MUNSH的正性因子、负性因子、幸福度总分以及6个方面生活满意感的平均值来描述;应激水平用SCL－90中的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和敌意表示,并将应激水平分为“最近”和“平时”两个时段。结果：单相关结果表明,主观幸福感各指标与应激水平的大部分变量呈显著相关,相关系数的绝对值在0．115到0．608之间（P＜0．05）。多元逐步回归表明主观幸福感主要与抑郁,其次与焦虑和敌意相关。抑郁解释总分方差的25％,负性因子的36％,正性因子和满意感不到10％;焦虑可以解释总分和正性因子不到2％的变异;敌意可以解释满意感不到2％的变异。结论：主观幸福感与应激水平,尤其是抑郁显著相关,提示抑郁是主观幸福感的重要情绪因素,但不宜单用SCL－90或抑郁简单地从负面反映主观幸福感。

Subjective Well-being and Stress Level in Elderly

Objective: To study the correlation between subjective well-being and stress level of elderly Method: 346 urban elderly (male aged over 60, female aged over 55) were sampled by group Subjective well-being was indexed by positive factor, negative factor, total score of MUNSH, and total life satisfaction which was the mean of the satisfactions in 6 life domains Stress level was indicated by somatization, depression, anxiety and hostility of SCL-90 Stress was distinguished by "recent" and "ordinarily" Results: Bivariate correlation suggested that most indices of subjective well-being correlated to stress,the absolute coefficients were between 0 1 to 0 6 (p<0 05), except the "hostility at ordinary time"to positive factor(p>0 05) Multi-variate step-wise regression indicated that subjective well-being correlated negatively to depression first, secondly to anxiety and hostility Depression could explain 25% total score variance, 36% negative factor, less than 10% positive factor and satisfaction Anxiety could explain less than 2% of total score and positive factor variance, hostility had similar power in explaining satisfaction variance Conclusion: Subjective well-being correlated negatively with bad mood, especially depression