精神分裂症患者眼区情绪识别及其与社会功能的相关性

目的 比较疾病稳定期精神分裂症患者与正常对照者间眼区基本和复杂情绪的识别能力,探讨患者眼区情绪识别能力与其社会功能的关系.方法 采用眼区基本情绪识别任务、眼区复杂情绪识别任务,对107例疾病稳定期精神分裂症门诊患者和66例正常对照者进行评估,比较其眼区情绪识别能力;并用社会功能缺陷筛选量表评估这些患者.结果 患者组眼区复杂情绪识别任务的总正确张数[(17.9±4.3)张]比对照组[(20.6±3.5)张]显著减低(P<0.01),眼区基本情绪识别任务的总正确张数及怒、恐、厌的识别正确张数[分别为(13.2±3.8)张,(2.1±1.2)张,(1.3±1.0)张,(1.4±1.2)张]比正常对照组[分别为(16.0±2.6)张,(3.1±1.0)张,(1.8±1.0)张,(1.8±1.1)张]显著减低(P<0.05或P<0.01).控制年龄、症状的偏相关分析显示,患者眼区基本情绪识别任务、眼区复杂情绪识别任务总正确张数分别与社会功能缺陷筛选量表总分呈负相关(分别r=-0.335,P<0.05;r=-0.374,P<0.05).结论 精神分裂症患者存在眼区基本和复杂情绪识别能力障碍,其眼区情绪识别能力与其社会功能存在正相关.

Relationship between eye expression recognition and social functioning in patients with schizophrenia

Objective To compare eye expression recognition in stable outpatients with schizophrenia with that in normal controls and to explore the relationships between eye expression recognition and social functioning.Methods 107 schizophrenic outpatients and 66 normal controls matched in age,sex and years of education were assessed with Eye Basic Emotion Discrimination Task(EBEDT) and Eye Complex Emotion Discrimination Task(ECEDT).The patients were also assessed with Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS).Results The correct numbers were significantly lower for patients to identify basic emotions of eye expressions(13.2±3.8 vs16.0±2.6,P<0.01) and complex emotions of eye expressions(17.9±4.3 vs 20.6±3.5,P<0.01)than those for controls respectively;the correct numbers to identify anger(3.1±1.0 vs.2.1±1.2,P<0.01),fear(1.8±1.0 vs 1.3±1.0,P<0.01) and disgust(1.8±1.1 vs 1.4±1.2,P<0.05)for controls were higher than those for patients significantly.The correct numbers to identify total basic emotions(r=-0.335,P<0.05)and total complex emotions (r=-0.374,P<0.05)in eye expressions showed negatively correlated with the total scores of SDSS in the patients after controlling age and total score of PANSS.Conclusions The ability to recognize basic and complicated emotions in eye expressions in the outpatients with schizophrenia is lower than that in the controls. It shows positively correlated with social functioning moderately in the patients.