婴儿注射疫苗的疼痛观察

目的 对接受疫苗注射的婴儿进行疼痛观察,了解其疼痛状况。方法 随机选取2016年2～6月在某中医医院防疫科接受疫苗接种的由母亲陪伴的1月龄、3月龄的健康婴儿作为研究对象,采用新生儿疼痛评估量表(neonatal infant pain scale,NIPS)为工具进行疼痛评估。结果 1月龄及3月龄婴儿中有新生儿期住院经历的婴儿较无住院经历的婴儿疼痛评分高(t=2.061,P=0.044;t=2.056,P=0.045),早产与足月婴儿的疼痛评分比较,差异无统计学意义。家长认为婴儿因注射疫苗引起疼痛需要干预的仅占14%及18%。结论 疫苗注射会给婴儿带来中度甚至重度疼痛,且有新生儿期疼痛刺激经历的婴儿对疼痛更加敏感,需要采取措施减少住院新生儿的疼痛。家长对疼痛的重视程度也有待提高。

Observation on the pain of infants receiving vaccine injection

Objective To observe the infants undegoing vaccination to get to know their pain. Methods One-and three-monthvold healthy infants who received vaccination between February and June 2016 in a certain hospital in Nanjing were chosen and assessed using the neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS). Results One-and three-month-old infants with neonatal hospitalization experience had a significantly higher NIPS score than those without hospitalization experience (t=2.061, P=0.044; t=2.056, P=0.045). No significant differences were found between the premature and full-term infants. Among the parents of the one-and three-month-old infants, only 14% and 18% thought the pain caused by vaccination needed intervention. Conclusions Vaccination will cause moderate or severe pain in infants. Infants with neonatal hospitalization experience have a higher level of pain when vaccinated. Measures should be taken to relieve the infants′ pain and promote their parents' awareness.