3—5岁早产儿屈光状态的初步分析

目的：观察和分析早产儿的屈光状态和视力发育情况.方法：对3～5岁早产儿共57例114只眼在门诊进行视力检查及阿托品散瞳检影验光,并对屈光结果进行统计分析.结果：3～5岁早产儿57例114只眼中,远视86眼（75.4%）,近视8 眼（7%）,散光14眼（12.3%）,正视眼6 眼（5.3%）,生理性远视所占的比例最大,各年龄远视比例有所不同,但都随着年龄的增长远视比例下降,正视和近视比例逐渐增加,视力正常率明显提高,同时早产儿儿童弱视比例为10.5%,明显高于足月产儿童的平均发生率,且随着年龄的增加呈下降趋势.结论：3～5岁早产儿屈光状态和视力发育变化趋势与正常儿相似,随着年龄的增长,屈光状态有由远视向正视和近视发展的趋势,早产儿儿童弱视比例高于足月产儿童的平均发生率,早产儿应早期开展视觉追踪和屈光筛查工作

Study of the development of refraction state and visual acuity of the preterm infants in aged 3 to 5

Objective：To observe and analyse the visual acuity and refraction state of the preterm infants in aged 3 to 5. Methods： To observe the visual acuity and static refraction of the 57 preterm infants（ll4 eyes）3 to 5 years old and record the results. Results： The clinical data of 57 preterm infants（ll4 eyes）were observed,75.4% is hypermetropia（86 eyes） ,7% is myopia（8 eyes） ,12.3% is astigmatism（14 eyes）,5.3% is emmetropia（6 eyes） , physiological hypermetropiais the largest type. With the increasing of age, the percentage of hypermetropia goes down, the percentageof emmetropia and myopia goes up, and the percentage of emmetropia increa- ses obviously. Higher incidence of amblyopia was found on preterm infants. Conclusion：The refraction state and visual acuity growth of preterm infants is close to that of normal infants,with the increasing of age,it shows the trend that the refraction state develops from hypermetropia to emmetropia or myopia. Higher incidence of amblyopia was found on preterm infants. Preterm infants should be selected for early ophthalmological follow up and refractive screening.