抗急性弓形虫病药物疗效的研究

目的为了筛选能有效用于治疗动物弓形虫病的药物,本研究选择了9种药物进行抗急性弓形虫疗效初步评价实验。在此基础上,更深入评价了已选的最佳药物磺胺氯吡嗪抗弓形虫的疗效,比较了不同剂量磺胺氯吡嗪和各剂量组分别与乙胺嘧啶复配后的抗弓形虫疗效。方法用弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）RH株速殖子,按5 000个/只腹腔接种小鼠,接种24h后,通过灌服方式给药,连续治疗5d,接种后观察到40d后结束实验,评价平均存活时间、半数死亡时间和存活率等各项指标得出疗效。结果多种药物比较实验中,三字球虫粉（SPZ 250mg/kg）组的平均存活时间、半数死亡时间、存活率明显高于感染不用药组和其他药物治疗组（P〈0.05）,表现出良好抗虫效果。另外,不同剂量及复配结果显示：磺胺氯吡嗪（250mg/kg）组和磺胺氯吡嗪（350mg/kg）＋乙胺嘧啶（15mg/kg）组,分别保护了58.33%和54.55%的小鼠免于发病死亡,并大大推迟了半数死亡时间,与其他各剂量组、复配组及感染不用药对照组呈现显著性差异（P〈0.05）,表明灌服磺胺氯吡嗪有显著的抗弓形虫作用,尤其250mg/kg治疗剂量效果最佳。结论本研究筛选出了对小白鼠感染弓形虫有明显治疗效果的抗动物弓形虫药物磺胺氯吡嗪以及最佳治疗剂量,为后续研究此药进一步治疗动物弓形虫病及推广应用奠定了基础。

Efficacy on different kinds of drugs against acute murine toxoplasmosis

In order to identify more effective and less toxic drugs to treat animal toxoplasmosis,nine different kinds of drugs against T.gondii in an acute murine model were evaluated respectively.Then,the efficacy of the ideal drug SPZ was evaluated further through the different dosage and being combined with PM.The mice used throughout the study were randomly assigned to many groups（12 mice each）,which either remained uninfected or were infected intraperitoneally with tachyzoites of T.gondii（strains RH,5 000 organisms）.Of 24 hours after infection,mice were administered with drugs at a moderate dosage for 5 days,according to the animal＇s body weight.Mice were observed for 40 days after infection.The factors of average survival days,time-point of 50% fatalities and survival rate showed the efficacy of drugs.The results indicated that SPZ was the best drug against the parasites with better data compared with other drugs groups（P0.05）.Also,it showed SPZ（250mg/kg） and the combination of SPZ（350mg/kg） and PM（15mg/kg） protected almost 58.33% and 54.55% mice from death respectively.The average survival time and the time-point of 50% fatalities were prolonged significantly compared to SD group and other treated groups（P0.05）.The results suggest that SPZ seems to be a more efficacious drug in the treatment of T.gondii in an acute murine model.The drug may be a promising drug candidate for the treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis in animals and lay a foundation for further research.