中国大陆不同地区光壳钉螺遗传多样性的RAPD分析

目的 用随机扩增多态性技术(RAPD)对中国大陆5省不同地区的光壳钉螺进行分析，研究光壳钉螺群问的遗传多样性。方法 提取钉螺头足部的基因组DNA，用随机引物进行扩增，扩增产物经8％的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，0．6％硝酸银染色，判别结果进行分析。结果 9个螺群的平均遗传相似性为0．7214，平均百分匹配数为0．6809，聚类结果表明可分为3个分类群，云南大理和四川普格的钉螺为第一分类群，福建福清和江苏东台的钉螺为第二分类群，安徽的4个螺群和江苏官兴的钉螺为第三分类群。结论 在我国各地的光壳钉螺螺群间存在一定的亲缘关系的同时，已发生了较大的遗传变异，聚类结果中螺群的聚类地位和其地理分布基本上一致，但江苏东台光壳螺群的聚类地位有待进一步分析和研究。

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SMOOTH-SHELLED ONCOMELANIA HUPENSIS FROM MAINLAND OF CHINA BY USING RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA TECHNIQUE

Objective To analyze the genetic diversity of snail populations from five provinces in China mainland. Methods Genomic DNA was amplified by random primer and the products were electrophoresed by 8% polyacrylamide and stained by 0.6% silver nitrogen. The results were recorded and analyzed. Results The average similarity and match percentage among the nine snail populations were 0. 721 4 and 0. 680 9 respectively. The cluster trees showed that the nine snail populations could be divided into three groups ; snails from Dali of Yunnan Province and Puge of Sichuan Province were the first isolated group; snails from Fuqing of Fujian Province and Dongtai of Jiangsu Province were clustered into the second group; the other four populations from Anhui Province and snails from Yixing of Jiangsu Province belong to the last group. Conclusion There is a large diversity among smooth-shelled snails in China although close relationship exists. The cluster trees gained by different snail populations are basically the same and consistent with the distribution of these populations. However, further study should be carried out on the cluster of smooth-shelled snails from Dongtai of Jiangsu Province.