乳腺癌患者的社会支持和应对方式及其与人格关系的研究

目的了解乳腺癌患者的应对方式、社会支持及人格特点,并探讨应对方式、社会支持与人格的关系。方法选取乳腺癌患者126例及健康体检者128例,采用问卷调查的方法,应用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、应对方式问卷(SCSQ)及艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对其进行评估。结果(1)乳腺癌患者和健康体检者社会支持总分、社会支持利用度、积极应对方式和消极应对方式间差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。(2)乳腺癌患者和健康体检者精神质和神经质或精神稳定性得分间差异均有显著性意义(P<0.01)。(3)乳腺癌患者的社会支持利用度、积极应对方式与E量表(内外向)均呈正相关(P<0.05);消极应对方式与E量表(内外向)、N量表(神经质或精神稳定性)均相关(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者社会支持利用度低,多采用消极应对方式,并具有孤独、情绪不稳定等人格特点;社会支持、应对方式与人格具有相关性。

A Study on Relationship between the Coping Style,Social Support and Personality in Breast Cancer Patients

Objective To explore the coping style,social support and personality in patients with breast cancer and probe into the correlation between coping style,social support and their personality.Methods Social support rating scale (SSRS),simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ) and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were employed to evaluate the social support,coping style and personality in 126 patients with breast cancer.Results (1)Compared with the control group,patients with breast cancer had higher scores of negative coping(P<0.05),lower scores of positive coping and utility degree of social support(P<0.05).(2)The scores of neuroticism and psychoticism in breast cancer were higher than the control group(P<0.05).(3)The utility of social support and positive coping style had positive correlation with extroversion-introversion(P<0.05);the negative coping style had positive correlation with neuroticism and negative correlation with extroversion-introversion(P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with breast cancer have negative coping styles,lower level of utility of social support and the characteristic of isolation,unstable emotion in personality.There is obvious relationship between the coping style,social support and their personality.