中药单体复方防治支气管哮喘的实验研究

目的 观察中药单体复方(由银杏内酯、黄芩甙、川芎嗪组成)对哮喘气道变应性炎症和气道高反应性的影响。方法 将哮喘模型豚鼠随机分为3组：模型组、中药单体复方组和色甘酸钠组。模型组：致敏豚鼠，生理盐水雾化吸入；色甘酸钠组：致敏豚鼠，色甘酸钠生理盐水溶液4mg／(kg·d)雾化吸入；单体复方组：致敏豚鼠，银杏内酯2mg／(kg·d)加黄芩甙7．5mg／(kg·d)加川芎嗪3．75mg／(kg·d)雾化吸入。自造模第l天起雾化吸入用药，疗程均为14天。检测并比较各组豚鼠血嗜酸细胞计数和嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)细胞总数、嗜酸细胞计数和ECP；比较组织胺对气道反应性的影响和治疗结束后的病理改变。结果 中药单体复方组对血和支气管肺泡灌洗液嗜酸细胞计数和支气管肺泡灌洗液细胞总数均有明显减少，与模型组比较，差异有显著性(P<0．05，P<0．01)；ECP各组比较，差异无显著性；气道反应性检测显示中药单体复方组对气道高反应性有明显的抑制。应用中药单体复方组的豚鼠病理气道炎症性改变较模型组明显减轻。结论 由银杏内酯、川芎嗪、黄芩甙等中药有效成分组成的复方吸入剂．有抗哮喘气道变应性炎症和气道高反应性作用。提示中药单体复方可以从多角度、多靶点抑制具有多种发病环节的哮喘炎症，从而有效地治疗哮喘。

Experimental Study on Prevention and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma by Compound Chinese Herbal Monomer Recipe

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of compound Chinese herbal monomer (CHM) recipe, consisted of ligustrazin (3.75 mg/kg x d), baicalin (7.5 mg/kg x d) and ginkgolide (2 mg/kg x d), on airway atopic inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in asthma. METHODS: Model guinea pigs of asthma were randomly divided into three groups, the model group, the CHM group and the cromlyn sodium (CS) group, they were treated by atomizing inhalation with normal saline, CHM and CS respectively. The eosinophil count and eosinophil cation protein (ECP) in blood and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and total cell count in BALF were measured and compared. And the effect of treatment on the airway hyperresponsiveness and pathology among groups were compared. RESULTS: CHM showed significant inhibition on blood eosinophil count and BALF and total cell count in BALF, showing significant difference (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) as compared with those in the model group. The level of ECP was not different in the various groups. Airway responsiveness determination showed that CHM has significant inhibitory action on it. And the pathology of airway inflammation in the CHM group was significantly milder than that in the model group. CONCLUSION: The compound inhalation liquid consisted of ligustrazin, baicalin and ginkgolide, has the anti-asthmatic airway atopic inflammation and depression on airway hyper-responsiveness, suggesting that components of compound CHM recipe could inhibit the multiple pathogenetic asthmatic inflammation from different angles and on multiple targets, so as to cure asthma effectively.