铁路隧道工矽尘接触与矽肺危险度评价

目的：对铁道隧道工进行矽肺危险度评价。方法：对9个铁路工程局铁道工5482人进行接尘史的回顾性调查，并调集各局卫生防疫站历年施工隧道粉尘监测资料，用SAS软件进行统计分析。结果：用样条函数建立隧道工矽尘危险度评价模型，与各单位的粉尘几何平均浓度有良好的剂量－效应关系，实际现场患病率和模型计算的患病率差异无显著性。结论：用评价模型可对现场的隧道工进行患病率的预测，并可根据隧道内粉尘浓度提出整改方案。同时，评价模型可供其他粉尘行业参考使用。

Risk Assessment for Silica Exposure and Silicosis of Railway Tunnellers

Objective To make silicosis risk assessment for railway tunnellers.Methods Dust exposure histories of 5 482 tunnellers from 9 Railway Engineering Bureau and dust monitoring data were investigated and collected.SAS was used for statistic analysis.Results Risk assessment model for silicosis was made using spline function,by which the dose|effect relationship was found.No significant difference could be seen between the actual prevalence rate of silicosis and the estimated prevalence rate by the model.Conclusions Results suggested that the model could be used to predict prevalence rate of silicosis for tunnellers and to control the dust concentration in the tunnel.It would also serve as a reference for other industries having dust exposure.