Chitosan/polyester-based scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering: Assessment of extracellular matrix formation |
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| Authors: | ML Alves da Silva A Crawford JM Mundy VM Correlo P Sol M Bhattacharya PV Hatton RL Reis NM Neves |
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| Institution: | 1. 3B’s Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal;2. IBB, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, PT Associated Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal;3. Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, USA;4. Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;1. Tissue Engineering Research Group, Dept. of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland;2. Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland;3. Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland;4. 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal;5. ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal;6. School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland;1. Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 626-870, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Polytechnic University, Siheung 429-793, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 602-714, Republic of Korea;5. Pioneer Research Center, Republic of Korea;1. Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, People’s Republic of China;2. Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Naturally derived polymers have been extensively used in scaffold production for cartilage tissue engineering. The present work aims to evaluate and characterize extracellular matrix (ECM) formation in two types of chitosan-based scaffolds, using bovine articular chondrocytes (BACs). The influence of these scaffolds’ porosity, as well as pore size and geometry, on the formation of cartilagineous tissue was studied. The effect of stirred conditions on ECM formation was also assessed. Chitosan-poly(butylene succinate) (CPBS) scaffolds were produced by compression moulding and salt leaching, using a blend of 50% of each material. Different porosities and pore size structures were obtained. BACs were seeded onto CPBS scaffolds using spinner flasks. Constructs were then transferred to the incubator, where half were cultured under stirred conditions, and the other half under static conditions for 4 weeks. Constructs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, histology procedures, immunolocalization of collagen type I and collagen type II, and dimethylmethylene blue assay for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) quantification. Both materials showed good affinity for cell attachment. Cells colonized the entire scaffolds and were able to produce ECM. Large pores with random geometry improved proteoglycans and collagen type II production. However, that structure has the opposite effect on GAG production. Stirred culture conditions indicate enhancement of GAG production in both types of scaffold. |
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