Effects of phosphoric acid treatment of titanium surfaces on surface properties,osteoblast response and removal of torque forces |
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| Authors: | Jin-Woo Park Youn-Jeong Kim Je-Hee Jang Tae-Geon Kwon Yong-Chul Bae Jo-Young Suh |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 188-1, Samduk 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea;2. Bio-implant Interface Research Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 188-1, Samduk 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 188-1, Samduk 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Oral Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 188-1, Samduk 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea;1. Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China;2. Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;3. Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi''an 710032, China;4. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;1. Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences/Center for Clinical Examination Practicum Support, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto cho, Kasugai, Japan;1. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advance Technology of Ceramics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the surface characteristics and biocompatibility of phosphate ion (P)-incorporated titanium (Ti) surfaces hydrothermally treated with various concentrations of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, thin-film X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical profilometry, contact angle and surface energy measurement and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). MC3T3-E1 cell attachment, spreading, proliferation and osteoblastic gene expression on different surfaces were evaluated. The degree of bony integration was biomechanically evaluated by removal torque testing after 4 weeks of healing in rabbit tibiae. The H3PO4 treatment produced micro-rough Ti surfaces with crystalline P-incorporated Ti oxide layers. High concentration H3PO4 treatment (1% and 2%) produced significantly higher hydrophilic surfaces compared with low H3PO4 treatment (0.5%) and untreated surfaces (P < 0.01). ICP-MS analysis showed P ions were released from P-incorporated surfaces. Significant increased cell attachment (P < 0.05) and notably higher mRNA expressions of Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin and osteocalcin were observed in cells grown on P-incorporated surfaces compared with cells on untreated machined surfaces. P-incorporated surfaces showed significantly higher removal torque forces compared with untreated machined implants (P < 0.05). Ti surfaces treated with 2% H3PO4 showed increasing tendencies in osteoblastic gene expression and removal torque forces compared with those treated with lower H3PO4 concentrations or untreated surfaces. These results demonstrate that H3PO4 treatment may improve the biocompatibility of Ti implants by enhancing osteoblast attachment, differentiation and biomechanical anchorage. |
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