Anxiety and avoidance in infants and toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: Evidence for differing symptom severity and presentation |
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| Authors: | Thompson E. Davis Jill C. Fodstad Whitney S. Jenkins Julie A. Hess Brittany N. Moree Tim Dempsey Johnny L. Matson |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, United States;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, United States;4. Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, United States;5. Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute and Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, United States;1. Wales Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, UK;2. Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK;3. Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK;4. Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, UK;5. Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, Australia;1. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville;2. Vanderbilt University Kennedy Center, Nashville;3. Center for Autism and the Developing Brain, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York;1. Medical Research Council (MRC) Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IOPPN), King’s College London, UK;2. IOPPN, King’s College London;3. Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London;4. Birkbeck, University of London;5. South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust (SLAM), Maudsley Hospital, London |
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| Abstract: | Little is known about the symptoms of anxiety in very young children with autism spectrum disorders, particularly comparisons between Autistic Disorder (AD) and Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). In the current study, toddlers (i.e., 17–37 months of age) with diagnoses of either AD (N = 159) or PDD-NOS (N = 154) were compared to atypically developing toddlers who did not meet criteria for an autism spectrum disorder (N = 200). Results indicated an overall pattern whereby toddlers with AD had more severe anxious and avoidant symptoms than either toddlers with PDD-NOS or controls. Further, toddlers with PDD-NOS were significantly more severe than controls. Additional analyses examining specific differences between the groups on anxious and avoidant items were conducted as well. Overall, toddlers with AD appear to have more severe anxiety than either those with PDD-NOS or controls, who did not differ on many items. |
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