Pore distribution and material properties of bone cement cured at different temperatures |
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Authors: | Matthew H. Pelletier Abe C.B. Lau Peter J. Smitham Gary Nielsen William R. Walsh |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery, General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain;2. Institute for Research in Technology/Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain;3. Materials Performance Group, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain;4. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain |
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Abstract: | Implant heating has been advocated as a means to alter the porosity of the bone cement/implant interface; however, little is known about the influence on cement properties. This study investigates the mechanical properties and pore distribution of 10 commercially available cements cured in molds at 20, 37, 40 and 50 °C. Although each cement reacted differently to the curing environments, the most prevalent trend was increased mechanical properties when cured at 50 °C vs. room temperature. Pores were shown to gather near the surface of cooler molds and near the center in warmer molds for all cement brands. Pore size was also influenced. Small pores were more often present in cements cured at cooler temperatures, with higher-temperature molds producing more large pores. The mechanical properties of all cements were above the minimum regulatory standards. This work shows the influence of curing temperature on cement properties and porosity characteristics, and supports the practice of heating cemented implants to influence interfacial porosity. |
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