Angiogenesis Therapy for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction |
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| Authors: | Jeffrey J. Lysiak Parviz K. Kavoussi Riyad T. Ellati William D. Steers Brian H. Annex |
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| Affiliation: | 2. Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;3. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;2. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan;2. Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea;1. Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA;2. Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA;3. The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA;2. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia;3. Department of Neurology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia;4. School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia;5. Department of Psychiatry, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia;11. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, WA, Australia;2. Inserm U 1014, Hospital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France;3. Department of Urology, Universitary Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;4. Knupple Molecular Laboratory, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA;5. AP‐HP, Neuro‐Uro‐Andrology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, EA 4501 Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, France |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionOver the past 15 years, significant advances have been made in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). The most significant of these advances has been pharmacological treatment of ED with phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. This therapy greatly increased the awareness of ED and has helped stimulate research into the underlying causes of ED. While treatment with PDE5 inhibitors continues to be the current therapy of choice, approximately 40% of men treated with PDE5 inhibitors fail to have significant improvement in erectile function and PDE5 inhibitors do not reverse the vasculopathic processes associated with ED. With this in mind, new therapies must be developed. The treatment with angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) may be one such therapy.AimThis review will focus on defining key terms in the angiogenic process, angiogenic growth factors, and different delivery methods, and summarize results from angiogenic therapies for the treatment of ED.MethodsA review of the literature was performed on all angiogenic therapies for the treatment of ED. A brief review on the angiogenic factors was also performedResultsAngiogenic therapies for the treatment of ED are possible and promising; however, further investigation is needed to advance clinically.ConclusionsAlthough numerous studies have now employed angiogenic factors for the possible treatment of ED in several animal models, we are still not at the point to begin human investigations. Future studies need to examine proper dosage of the angiogenic agent, route of delivery, time course for delivery, and combination therapies. Lysiak JJ, Kavoussi PK, Ellati RT, Steers WD, and Annex BH. Angiogenesis therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. |
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