对立违抗性障碍患儿行为特征的初步研究

目的了解对立违抗性障碍（ODD）患者的行为特征。方法应用Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）、教师报告表（TRF）及青少年自我报告表（YSR）对213例ODD儿童和213名正常儿童（对照组）进行评定和比较。结果（1）CBCL：ODD组的社交情况、学校情况及社会能力总分低于对照组，而退缩、躯体主诉、焦虑／抑郁、社交问题、思维问题、注意问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、内化性问题、外化性问题和行为问题总分高于对照组（均P〈0．01）。（2）TRF：ODD组的学习努力、行为适当得体、学习效果、快乐、适应能力总分等的评分低于对照组，而退缩、焦虑／抑郁、社交问题、思维问题、注意问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、内化性、外化性问题评分和行为问题总分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05—0．01）。（3）YSR：ODD组的焦影抑郁、注意问题、违纪问题、攻击性问题、自我身份、外化性问题评分高于对照组（均P〈0．05和〈0．01）。结论ODD儿童存在更多的行为问题，以攻击、对抗、情绪不稳为主要特征，伴有退缩、焦虑抑郁等内化性问题。

A study of behavioral problems in oppositional defiant disorder

Objective To examine the behavioral characteristics of children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Methods This case-control study included 213 children with ODD and 213 healthy controls. The subjects were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Teacher Report Form (TRF) and Youth Self-Report (YSR). Results The ODD children had significantly less scores on the CBCL subscales of social, school, total competence and higher scores on the subscales of withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxious/depressed, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing, externalizing and total problems than the normal group (P< 0.01). ODD group had significantly less scores on the TRF subscales of study hard, behavior pertinence, study gain, happy, total competence and higher scores on the withdrawn, anxious/depressed, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing, externalizing and total problems than the normal group (P<0.05-<0.01). ODD group had significantly higher scores of the YSR subscale of anxious/depressed,attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, self-identity, externalizing and total problems than the normal group (P<0.05-<0.01).Conclusion The findings indicate that children with ODD have more behavioral problems. Aggressive, oppositional and emotional instability are their main behavioral traits, with comorbid withdrawal, anxiety-depression problems in some children.