气管插管快速灌注博莱霉素复制大鼠肺间质纤维化模型

目的：研究大鼠肺闻质纤维化的造模方法。方法：模型组大鼠气管插管灌注不同剂量（7、6、5、3．4、2、1mg／kg体质量）的博莱霉素A5-生理盐水，对照组给予等体积生理盐水，观察大鼠生存情况、肺组织病理，并深入研究博莱霉素1mg／kg体质量组，观察大鼠体质量变化，肺组织病理，检测第14天、28天、45天时大鼠肺系数以及血清中转化生长因子β1（transfor—minggrowthfactorfjl，TGF—β1）和血小板衍生生长因子（platelet—derivedgrowthfactor，PDGF）的含量。结果：经多个剂量的研究发现，较大剂量博莱霉素气管插管快速灌注法复制大鼠肺问质纤维化模型死亡率高，1mg／kg体质量气管内灌注博莱霉素A5-生理盐水可以造成大鼠肺组织纤维化改变。深入研究发现，与假手术组比较，1mg／kg体质量组大鼠肺组织病理14d已出现明显的纤维化改变，28d已形成弥漫性纤维化，45d时纤维化程度进一步加重。与假手术组比较，模型组3、7、14d体质量降低（P〈0．01），21d体质量虽有所下降，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；14、28、45d时肺系数升高（P〈0．01），血清TGF-β1水平从28d时开始升高（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），血清PDGF水平45d时升高（P〈O．05）。1mg／kg体质量组造模死亡率较低。结论：博莱霉素1mg／kg体质量气管插管快速灌注法可以成功复制大鼠肺间质纤维化模型。

A rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by infusing bleomycin quickly through tracheal intubation

OBJECTIVE: To study the approach for developing a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin (BLM). METHOD: Different doses (7, 6, 5, 3.4, 2, 1 mg/kg) of bleomycin A5-saline were infused into the rats' lung in bleomycin-treated group through tracheal intubation, and rats in sham-operated group were infused with same volume of saline. The living state and lung pathology of the rats were observed. The author deeply studied the condition of the rats in 1 mg/kg bleomycin-treated group, and the changes of body weight and lung pathology were observed. Lung quotient, the content of transforming growth factor beta1(TGF-beta1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in serum were measured on the 14th, 28th and 45th day of the experiment. RESULTS: The study demonstrated that infusing large doses of bleomycin A5 quickly through tracheal intubation had a high mortality, and infusing 1 mg/kg quickly could successfully develop an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis. Compared with the sham-operated group, fibrosis was appeared obviously in the rats' lung in 1 mg/kg bleomycin A5-treated group after 14 days of experiment, diffuse fibrosis was appeared after 28 days of experiment, and the fibrosis became more severe after 45 days of experiment. The body weight of the rats in bleomycin-treated group was declined after 3, 7 and 14 days of experiment as compared with the sham-operated group (P<0.01). Twenty-one days after the experiment, the body weight was declined too, but there was no significant difference between the bleomycin-treated group and the sham-operated group (P>0.05). Lung quotient was increased 14, 28 and 45 days after the experiment (P<0.01), the level of serum TGF-beta1 began to increase since 28 days after the experiment (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the level of serum PDGF also increased gradually 45 days after the experiment (P<0.05). And the mortality rate of 1 mg/kg bleomycin A5-treated group was lower than those of the other doses of bleomycin A5-treated groups. CONCLUSION: A rat model of pulmonary fibrosis can be duplicated successfully by infusing 1 mg/kg bleomycin A5 quickly through tracheal intubation.