广东省不发达地区留守中学生忽视的影响因素分析

目的探讨广东不发达地区留守中学生受忽视状况及影响因素,为采取有效的干预提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法抽取广州市阳江市、清远市1105名留守初中和高中学生为研究对象,采用青少年心理行为健康状况调查问卷(中学版)进行问卷调查,分析其影响因素。结果留守中学生忽视率为70.9%,单因素分析发现,父母文化程度越高、管教方式民主、与父母联系越频繁,其忽视发生率越低,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为6.49,15.33,12.28,8.05,P值均<0.05)。控制性别、父母文化程度、管教方式、联系频率等变量后,Logistic回归分析显示,管教方式(OR=2.01,95%CI=1.23~3.26)、联系频率(OR=1.75,95%CI=1.12~2.72)、监护类型(OR=1.85,95%CI=1.04~3.30)与留守中学生忽视呈正相关;母亲文化程度与留守中学生忽视呈负相关。结论留守中学生受忽视状况严重,家庭、学校、政府和社会应合力打造良好的成长环境,减少忽视的发生,促进其身心健康发展。

Neglect and associated factors among left-behind middle school students in undeveloped area of Guangdong Province

Objective To explore prevalence and associated factors of neglect among left-behind middle school students in undeveloped area of Guangdong,and to provide scientific basis for effective intervention measures.Methods A total of 1 105 middle school students were selected from Yangjiang and Qingyuan by random cluster sampling,neglect and left-behind was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire.Results The prevalence of neglect was 70.9%among left-behind middle school students aged 11-17 years in Yangjiang and Qingyuan areas.Univariate analysis suggested that high parental education,democratic and strict parenting,and frequent contacts with parents associated with low rate of neglect(P<0.05).After adjusted for gender,parental education,parenting style,contact frequency,Logistic regression analysis revealed that parenting discipline(rough,cold,capricious)(OR=2.01,95%CI=1.23-3.26),contact with parents more than once every two weeks(OR=1.75,95%CI=1.12-2.72),peer or self-care(OR=1.85,95%CI=1.04-3.30)were positively associated with neglect,while higher mother education was negatively associated with neglect.Conclusions The prevalence of neglect is high among left-behind students in Yangjiang and Qingyuan,which deserves further attention from family,community,school and government to promote healthy development.