Optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of vitreoretinal disorders of the macula in highly myopic eyes

A higher incidence of vitreoretinal disorders is found in highly myopic eyes; however, in the same eyes, several factors contribute to make visualization of the macular area most difficult. As a consequence, vitreoretinal macular disorders are often misdiagnosed in these eyes. Ocular coherence tomography (OCT) has proven to be an invaluable technique for the evaluation of the microscopic features of the macula in highly myopic eyes, allowing us to identify which patients are at higher risk of complications, before surgical or parasurgical procedures are embarked upon. Several macular disorders, characteristic of highly myopic eyes, are described.