Flat vs. concave tibial joint surface in total knee arthroplasty: Randomized evaluation of 39 cases using radiostereometry

40 patients with non-inflammatory arthrosis and minor preoperative deformity (/ 5°) were operated on with an AMK type (DePuy, Johnson & Johnson) total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The posterior cruciate ligament was retained. The patients were divided into those with a flat (terminology of the manufacturer: standard) or a concave (terminology of the manufacturer: constrained) polyethylene insert (20 in each group). Radiostereometric (RSA) examinations were done postoperatively and after 3, 12 and 24 months. The median absolute rotations of the tibial inserts varied between 0.12 and 0.24 (range 0.00-1.54) degrees, with no differences between the 2 groups. The median maximum totalpoint motions (flat/concave = 0.41/0.42 mm), the maximum subsidence or lift-off did not differ. The Hospital for Special Surgery knee score and the patients' opinion about the operation, based on their preoperative expectations, showed little, if any, differences. At 2 years, 10 of 20 patients with flat and 13 of 19 with concave inserts regarded their knee function as normal or almost so.