儿童细菌性肺炎的病原菌分布及其耐药状况研究

目的研究本地区儿童细菌性肺炎的病原菌的分布及其耐药状况。方法对我院2012年1月至2013年1月接收的因细菌性肺炎住院治疗的200例患儿采集合格痰液进行细菌学培养。结果在200份痰液标本中,检查出106株细菌,阳性率为38.5%。革兰阴性杆菌84株（79.2%）,其中肺炎克雷伯菌居于首位,革兰阴性杆菌16株（20.8%）;革兰阴性杆菌中的肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌分别对青霉素的耐药率为88.45%、85.75%、90.00%,革兰阳性杆菌中肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率分别为84.22%、83.33%,这说明对肺炎的细菌病原体对青霉素的耐药性最高。结论细菌性肺炎的病原体以肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎链球菌及金黄色葡萄球菌为主,且耐药性高,我们应该尽早进行耐药性实验从而指导临床用药,达到合理规范用药的目的。

Pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance status of children bacterial pneumonia

Objective This study was to investigate the pathogen distribution in children bacterial pneumonia and it ＇s drug resistance status in this region. Methods Sputum samples were collected,from the children patients hospitalized in our hospital because of bacterial pneumonia during January 2012 and January2013,to do bacteriology culture. Results Over the 200 sputum samples,106 strains of bacteria were check out,positive rate was 38. 5%. Gram- negative bacilli 84 strains（ 79. 2%）,and most of the Gram- negative bacilli were pneumonia klebsiella bacteria,16 strains of gram- negative were bacillus（ 20. 8%）. Gram- negative bacillus including klebsiella pneumoniae,e. coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to penicillin,and the rates were 88. 45%,88. 45% and 90. 00%,resistant rate of pneumoniae streptococcus and staphylococcus to penicillin were 84. 22% and 83. 33%,suggesting that pathogens bacterial of pneumonia has the highest drug resistance to penicillin. Conclusions The main pathogen of bacterial pneumonia were klebsiella pneumoniae,e.coli,streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus,they all present high drug resistance,we should do resistance experiments as early as possible so as to guide the clinical medication,achieve the goal of reasonable standard medication.