Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Coriandrum sativum L. in Meriones shawi rats |
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Authors: | Aissaoui Abderrahmane Zizi Soumia Israili Zafar H Lyoussi Badiâa |
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Institution: | a UFR Physiology-Pharmacology, Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences, Dhar El Mehraz, Fez, Morocco b Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA |
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Abstract: | Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe use of an aqueous extract of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.; Apiaceae, Umbelliferae) seeds (CS-extract) in Moroccan traditional treatment of diabetes remains to be experimentally validated.Aim of the studyThe study aim was to investigate potential hypoglycemic (and hypolipidemic) activity of CS-extract after a single oral dose and after daily dosing for 30 days (sub-chronic study) in normal and obese-hyperglycemic-hyperlipidemic (OHH) Meriones shawi rats.Materials and methodsAfter a single oral dose of CS-extract (20 mg/kg; predetermined as optimum), plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG) were measured in normal and OHH rats (hypercaloric diet and forced limited physical activity); glibenclamide (GLB; 2.5 mg/kg) was used as reference. In the sub-chronic study, the effect of CS-extract and GLB (at the above doses) on body weight (BW), plasma glucose, insulin, TC, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, TG, urea and creatinine was determined in normal and OHH rats; insulin resistance (IR as HOMA-IR), atherosclerotic and cardioprotective indices were calculated.ResultsA single dose of CS-extract or GLB suppressed hyperglycemia in OHH rats, and normo-glycemia was achieved at 6-h post-dose; there was no effect on lipids, TG or insulin, but IR decreased significantly. The hypoglycemic effect was lower in normal rats. In the sub-chronic study in OHH rats, the test substances (CS-extract > GLB) reduced plasma glucose (normoglycemia on Day 21), insulin and IR, TC, LDL-cholesterol, and TG. Atherosclerotic index decreased while cardioprotective indices increased only by CS-extract, with no effect on BW, urea or creatinine.ConclusionSub-chronic administration of CS-extract in OHH Meriones shawi rats normalized glycemia and decreased the elevated levels of insulin, IR, TC, LDL-cholesterol and TG. Since, the CS-extract decreased several components of the metabolic syndrome and decreased atherosclerotic and increased cardioprotective indices, CS-extract may have cardiovascular protective effect. The present study validates the traditional use of coriander in diabetes. |
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Keywords: | BW body weight CS Coriandrum sativum SEM standard error of measurement CV cardiovascular GLB glibenclamide HDL High density lipoprotein HOMA homeostasis model assessment IR insulin resistance LDL low density lipoprotein OHH obese-hyperglycemic-hyperlipidemic T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TC total cholesterol TG triglycerides |
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