腭裂术后VPI患者辅元音节语图和声学特点的研究

目的：研究腭裂术后腭咽闭合不全（VPI）患者辅元音节的语图和声学特点。方法：选择56例腭裂术后VPI患者,其中男32例,女24例,年龄5～18岁,平均13.6岁,手术史大于3年且未进行语音治疗;正常健康儿童20例,男12例,女8例,5～16岁,平均年龄12.3岁。应用Multispeech 3700语音分析仪比较分析2组语句中辅元音节[ti]的嗓音起声时间（VOT）及[ma]和[ba]的过渡音征。结果：腭裂术后VPI组VOT值接近零甚至成为负值与正常对照组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,2组间[ma]的零渡率无显著差别,而[ba]的正渡率差别显著（P〈0.05）。结论：腭裂术后VPI患者辅元音节的语图特征为：VOT明显的辅元音节之间没有空白段;含有[a]的辅元结构中口辅音过渡到[a]F1前端的过渡趋势由正渡变为零渡,鼻辅音的过渡趋势无变化。声学特点为清辅音浊化,口辅音鼻化等。

Study on the Sonogram and Acoustic Characteristics of Consonant-vowel Syllable in Patients with Post-palatoplasty Velopharyngeal Incompetence

Objective： To study the sonogram and acoustic characteristics of consonant-vowel syllables in patients with post-palatoplasty velopharygeal incompetence（VPI）.Methods： 56 patients with post-palatoplasty VPI（32 male,24 female,age from 5-18 years,with a mean age of 13.6 years） were chosen.All of which underwent palatoplasty for more than 3 years and no speech therapy.Then the voice onset time（VOT） of in sentence and the transition cue of and were analyzed with computerized speech lab（Multispeech 3700）,contrasted by features of 20 controls（12 male,8 female,age from 5-16years,with a mean age of 12.3 years）.Results： VOT of patients,almost zero or even negative numbers,had significant difference with the controls（P0.05）.There was significant difference in the rate of positive transition cue of between patients and controls（P0.05）,but no significant difference in the rate of zero transition cue of .Conclusion： The sonogram characteristics of consonant-vowel syllables in patients with post-palatoplasty VPI are that original visible VOT disappears and the transition cue of changes from positive to zero.So the acoustic features of them are that voiceless consonants transforming to voiced consonants and oral consonants become nasalized.