北京市三城区室内空气污染水平的初步研究

目的 探讨室内空气污染的影响因素。方法 在空气污染物监测和流行病学调查的基础上,于2001年1月～3月在北京市选取了东城、石景山、海淀3个城区,以整群抽样的方法每区随机选取各70户居民点,对每户卧室和厨房的PM10、PM2.5、SO2的室内平均浓度做了监测,并以统一调查问卷将监测结果和采样点环境条件做了记录。结果 颗粒物在三城区冬季室内总平均浓度PM10为0.555mg/m3、PM2.5为0.512mg/m3,SO2总平均浓度为0.052mg/m3,低于国家规定标准。颗粒物在各区卧室和厨房中的浓度分布均超过国家卫生标准且卧室和厨房差异无显著性。SO2平均浓度在东城和海淀区厨房和卧室中的平均浓度差异有显著性,厨房高于卧室（P <0.05）,并高于国家居室卫生标准的要求。结论北京冬季居民住宅室内PM10和PM2.5污染对居民健康构成一定威胁。

A Preliminary Study on Indoor Air Pollution in Three Districts of Beijing

Objective To understand the indoor air pollution in Beijing. Methods Based on the data from epi-demiological investigation and air pollution monitoring, the investigation was carried out by choosing 3 districts in Beijing including Dongcheng, Shijingshan and Haidian during Jan-Mar in 2000. 70 houses were selected in each district randomly by cluster sampling, the indoor concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 in bedroom and kitchen were monitored. The data on concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2, and the environmental conditions of each sampling place were all recorded in the unified questionaires. Results The total average concentrations of pollutants in indoor air of 3 districts were 0. 555 mg/m3 for PM10 and 0. 512 mg/m3 for PM2.5 respectively. The total average concentration of 0.052 mg/ m3 for SO2 was below the ralated National Stardard. The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the bedrooms and kitchens in each district all exceeded the related national standards, and revealed no significant differences between bedrooms and kitchens. The SO2 levels in kitchens in Dongcheng District and Haidian District were significantly higher than those in bedrooms(P < 0. 05), and also exceeded the related National Standards. Conclusion The indoor air pollution by PM10 and PM2.5 in observed residences had hazardous effects on the residents' health at a certain degree in winter of Beijing.