健康教育对上海社区居民卒中知晓率影响的调查研究

目的 了解上海市虹口区社区居民对卒中相关知识的知晓率，探索健康教育对社区居民卒中相关知识知晓率的影响。方法 参考美国社区卒中预警症状和危险因素知晓率调查研究的内容设计调查问卷，讲座前使用问卷调查上海市虹口区志愿参加本研究的390名社区居民对卒中预警症状和相关危险因素的知晓情况。针对这些人群开展卒中相关知识讲座，发放宣传手册，3～5个月后采用相同方式再次调查其对卒中相关知识的知晓情况。结果 ①第一次调查发现被调查者对10项卒中危险因素的知晓率分别为2%～80%；被调查者对5项卒中预警症状的知晓率分别为51%～63%。②开展健康教育后，被调查者中了解≥2、≥3和≥4项卒中危险因素的比例与第一次调查相比差异有显著性（P值均＜0.0001），了解≥3和≥4项预警症状的被调查者比例与第一次调查相比差异有显著性（P值分别为0.0025和0.0227）。结论 目前上海市虹口区社区居民对卒中相关知识的知晓率不佳；健康教育是提高卒中相关知识知晓率的有效途径。

Community Education for Stroke Awareness in Shanghai： A Survey Research

Objective To survey the public knowledge of stroke in Shanghai community and to explore the role of health education in community on stroke-related knowledge.
Methods The stroke knowledge questionnaire was conducted in this study to investigate the awareness of warning signs and risk factors of stroke in 390 residents who volunteer to join this study in Hongkou District, Shanghai. Community health education has been carried out in the form of lecture and brochure after the first survey. Three to five months later, the re-survey were conducted on the same residents.
Results （1）The awareness percentage of the ten stroke risk factors ranges from 2% to 80% respectively, the awareness percentage of the five stroke warning signs are ranges from 51% to 63% respectively. （2）After health education, the survey revealed that the proportion of residents who were able to recognize ≥ 2, ≥3, ≥4 risk factors（both P〈0.0001） ands〉3, ≥4（P=0.0025, P=-0.0227） early svmotoms of stroke have significantly imoroved comoared with the first survey.
Conclusions At present, residents in Shanghai lack public knowledge of stroke. Community health education improves the cognitive level of stroke knowledge.