江西省农村居民肠道寄生虫感染调查及蛔虫生物流行病学研究

目的探讨江西农村居民肠道寄生虫感染现状及蛔虫病生物流行病学特点.方法采用粪检、化疗驱虫后收集虫体等方法对江西进贤县鹿塘试区625名居民进行了研究.结果该试区居民感染9种肠道寄生虫,总感染率为72.80%,其中蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫卵的阳性率分别为51.52%、11. 80%和34.60%.以噻嘧啶对全体居民治疗后,在59.40%的居民中检获蛔虫,感染者平均虫荷为2.97条(范围1～32条),10.00%的排虫者可见未成熟蛔虫,推算人群每月蛔虫再感染率为5.13%.对粪检虫卵假阴性人群的分析显示,仅有单性蛔虫寄生者(单雄或单雌)占82.93%,有1条未成熟雌虫和1～4条雄虫寄生者占17.03%.粪检虫卵假阴性率随着寄生蛔虫数的增加而减少,当感染6条以上蛔虫时,无假阴性出现.结论该社区人群肠道寄生虫感染率高,蛔虫再感染严重,有必要进行反复治疗以巩固防治效果;由于单性感染或未成熟蛔虫的缘故,居民实际蛔虫感染率要高于Kato-Katz法检查所见.

STUDIES ON INFECTION OF INTESTINAL PARASITES AND BIO-EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ASCARIS IN RURAL AREA OF JIANGXI PROVINCE

Objective To access the prevalence of intestinal parasites and bio epidemiological characteristics of Ascariasis in rural area of Jiangxi Province. Methods Fecal examination and worm collection after blanket chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate was performed to 625 residents in Lutang Village of Jinxian County. Results The infection of 9 species of intestinal parasites was proved in residents with 72.80% of total infection rate. Infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides , hookworms and Trichuris trichiura was 51.52%, 11.80% and 34.60% respectively. After blanket chemotherapy, Ascaris worms were detected in 59.40% of the residents with an average worm burden of 2.97 (ranged: 1-32 worms) per infected person. Immature worms were detected in 10.00% of infected person, from which re infection rate in residents was calculated as 5.13% per month. Analysis on those of egg false negative showed that 82.93 % of persons were infected with unisexual worms and 17.03% with 1 immature female worm and 1-4 male worms. Egg false negative rate decreased with the increase of worm burden, while no false negative was observed in those infected with 6 worms or over; Conclusion The prevalence of intestinal parasites was high in the village and re infection of Ascaris was serious. Repeated chemotherapy is thus necessary to achieve an effective control of Ascariasis. The actual infection rate of Ascaris was higher than that Kato Katz examination could reveal due to the infection of unisexual or immature worm.