围生儿出生缺陷监测结果及相关因素分析

1998-2002年对5 750例围生儿进行出生缺陷监测。检出出生缺陷75例,出生缺陷发生率13.04‰。男婴出生缺陷发生率为14.02‰,高于女婴的发生率12.34‰。四肢及趾指畸形的发生率最高(3.83‰),其次为全身积液和水肿(2.61‰),再次为神经系统(2.26‰)。缺陷儿母亲妊娠期并发症明显高于正常妊娠妇女。职业、文化程度和孕早期感冒及用药是导致出生缺陷的重要影响因素。提示,应继续开展出生缺陷监测及病因学研究,加强健康教育和普及优生知识,提高产前诊断技术,预防出生缺陷发生,提高人口整体素质。

Surveillance of birth defects and analysis of related factors

5 750 perinatal fetuses were surveilled from 1998 to 2002. 75 birth defects were found, and the birth defect rate was 13. 04‰. The birth defect rate of male was 14.02‰, which was higher than that of female (12.34‰). Abnormal rate of limbs was the highest (3. 83‰), fetal dropsy was the second highest (2.61‰), nerve system abnormity was the third highest (2.26‰). The gestation complications of case mothers were significant more than those of control mothers. Occupation, culture and cold and using medicine during the first phrase were important influential factors. It suggests that continue surveillance of birth defects and research of its etiology should be strengthened to enhance publicizing health education and popularizing prepotency knowledge, and promote diagnosis technology to prevent birth defects and promote the quality of population.