助产士工作压力源、疲溃感及心理健康状况调查

目的探讨助产士的工作压力源、疲溃感、心理健康状况水平及其关系,为改善助产士的身心健康提供依据。方法随机抽取60例助产士和60例产科护士,进行工作压力源、工作疲溃感、应对方式及SCL-90等量表调查,比较2组护士的工作压力源、疲溃感、积极应对、消极应对及心理健康状况得分。结果助产士的总压力源得分(2.66±0.70)高于产科护士(1.99±0.57,P<0.05);助产士的情绪疲溃感(28.28±8.60)、工作冷漠感(12.39±5.04)、工作无成就感(35.74±9.81)、消极应对方式(34.72±4.96)均高于产科护士(23.47±7.35、8.56±3.18、28.62±7.45、30.86±4.50,P<0.05),而助产士的积极应对得分(29.57±3.36)则低于产科护士(33.44±4.71,P<0.05);助产士的心理健康状况总分(1.74±0.61)高于产科护士(1.46±0.50,P<0.05);助产士的工作压力源总分、工作疲溃感总分均与心理健康状况呈正相关性(r=0.687、0.549,P<0.01)。结论助产士与产科护士相比,具有较高的工作压力、工作疲溃感、应对方式差及心理健康等问题,应采取针对性措施来改善助产士的身心健康问题。

Investigation analysis on work pressure source,work burnout and mental health status of midwives

Objective To explore the levels and correlations of work pressure source,work burnout and mental health status of midwives,and provide basis for improving physical and mental health of midwives.Methods Totally 60 midwives and 60 obstetric nurses were randomly selected to conduct a survey on work stress sources,work burnout,coping styles and scl-90 scales.The indexes of work stress sources,work burnout,positive coping,negative coping and mental health status of the two groups of nurses were compared.Results The score of total work pressure source in the midwife group was 2.66±0.70,higher than that in the maternity nurse group(P<0.05).The scores of emotional exhaustion(28.28±8.60),job apathy(12.39±5.04),no sense of achievement in work(35.74±9.81),negative coping(34.72±4.96)and total score of mental status(1.74±0.61)in the midwife group were all higher than those in the maternity nurse group(23.47±7.35,8.56±3.18,28.62±7.45,30.86±4.50,1.46±0.50,P<0.05),while positive coping score(29.57±3.36)in the midwife group was lower than that in the maternity nurse group(33.44±4.71,P<0.05).The total scores of work pressure and work burnout in the midwives were both positively correlated with the total scores of mental health status(r=0.687,0.549,P<0.01).Conclusion In contrast with maternity nurses,midwives have more work pressure,more work burnout,worse coping styles and poorer mental health.We should adopt targeted measures to improve the physical and mental health of midwives.