焦炉逸散物对作业工人呼吸系统影响的研究

目的　为探讨焦炉逸散物（ＣＯＥ） 对作业工人呼吸系统的影响。方法　对４６５ 名焦炉作业工人和３６５ 名对照工人进行了体格检查、胸部Ｘ 线摄片和肺功能测定。结果　与对照相比，作业工人呼吸道炎、咽喉炎发生率明显增高；Ｘ 线异常改变主要表现在肺纹理与肺门的变化，工龄超过２０ 年的有统计学意义；ＦＥＶ１ ．０ 、ＦＥＶ１ ％ 、ＭＭＦ、ＦＥＦ５０％ 、ＦＥＦ７５ ％ 等肺功能指标明显下降，工龄＜ １０ 年者ＦＥＦ７５％ 差异具有极显著性，工龄１０ ～２０ 年者ＦＥＦ５０ ％ 差异有显著性；工龄＞ ２０ 年者ＦＥＶ１ ％ 、ＭＭＦ、ＦＥＦ５０ ％ 、ＦＥＦ７５％ 的差异具显著性或极显著性意义。结论　提示接触ＣＯＥ 可引起肺通气功能减退和呼吸系统的损害，且随工龄延长有加重的趋势。

A study on respiratory effect of workers exposed to coke oven emissions

Objective To study the respiratory effect of workers exposed to coke oven emissions. Methods Physical examination, X ray chest film, lung function tests were performed in 465 workers exposed to COE and 365 controls. Results The positive rate of symptoms of respiratory system in the COE exposed group was obviously higher than that in the control group. The abnormal X ray manifestations in coke oven workers chiefly showed the changes of lung markings and hilar shadow with statistically significance in those workers over 20 working years. The indexes of lung function such as FEV 1.0 ,FEV 1% ,MMF,FEF 50% ,FEF 75% in the COE exposed group decreased obviously, the FEF 75% of exposers whose work standing shorter than 10 years was significantly decreased; the FEV 1% , MMF, FEF 50% ,FEF 75% of exposers whose work standing longer than 20 years was lower than those of controls. Conclusion The COE might cause lung ventilatory function impairment and lung damage tend to be aggravated with the elongation of the exposure time.