锰作业工人心电图和血压改变的研究

目的　为了解锰接触对心电图和血压的影响。方法　本文通过锰矿锰接触工人１ ３６０ 人和非接触毒害人员３６３ 人进行心电图及血压测定。结果　心电图异常率接锰组为１９－８５ ％ ，高于对照组的１１－２９ ％ （ Ｐ＜ ０－０１） 。心电图异常类型以窦性心动过速、过缓及不齐为主，并左室肥大、ＳＴ－ Ｔ 改变。心电图异常率与环境ＭｎＯ２ 浓度呈正相关，ｒ＝ ０－６１１ ，并随工龄的增长而增加。血压增高接锰组６－１０ ％ 与对照组２－４８ ％ 比较有极显著差异（ Ｐ＜ ０－０１） ，低血压接锰组１０－１５ ％ ，对照组６－６１ ％ （ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。心电图异常与血压异常两者诊断符合率为１７－１４ ％ （ Ｐ＜ ０－０１） 有相关关系。结论　过量锰接触可导致作业人员心电图和血压改变。

The changes of ECGand blood pressure in manganese- exposed workers

Objective To study the effects of manganese on ECGand blood pressure in exposed workers. Methods 1 360 exposed workers,363 control workers were examined.Results The rates of abnormal ECGin ex posed was 19 .85 % ,significantly higherthan thatof controlgroup (11 .29 % ,P< 0-01) .The main types of abnormal ECGwere sinustachycardia,sinus bradycardia and sinus arrhythmia .The megacardia ofthe sinister cordis and ST- T changes were alsofound.The abnormal ECGcorrelated positively with the concentration of MnO2 in working environ ment (r= 0-611) andtendedto increase asthe work standing yearincreased. The incidences ofthe increased blood pressure in exposed was6-10 % ,significantly higherthan thatofthe control(2-48 % ,P< 0-01)- Theincidence oflow blood pressurein exposed group was10-15 % ,significantly higherthanthatofthe controlgroup (6-61 % ,P< 0-05) . There was a relationship between the abnormal ECGand the abnormal blood pressure in the diagnosis accordant rate which was 17-14 % ( P< 0-01)-Conclusion The results suggested that the excessive manganese could induce the change of ECGand blood pressurein exposed workers,however,the effectshownin non - exposed workers needsfur ther study.