无损估计体内温度的超声方法

测量体内组织温度可以为临床诊断提供帮助，在肿瘤热疗中则会直接影响热疗的效果。无损测温技术主要有电阻抗(EIT)测温、微波(MW)测温、核磁共振(MRI)测温和超声测温等，它们能够避免有损测温方法存在的缺点。超声无损测温技术利用超声扫描热疗生物组织，基于超声声速模型、非线性参数、回波时移特性、回波频移特性和散射能量等特性，对超声信号进行分析，有效地提取组织温度信息，较其他方法具有更好的综合性能。本对各种超声无损测温方法的原理和存在的问题进行分析，概述了目前国内外有关的研究现状。

Noninvasive Estimation of Tissue Temperature with Ultrasound Techniques

The estimation of tissue temperature is helpful to diagnosis and directly affects the therapy effect in hyperthermia. Noninvasive temperature estimation methods, such as EIT, MW, MRI, Ultrasound and so on, can avoid the disadvantages of invasive methods. The methods using diagnostic ultrasound analyze the ultrasonic characters, based on speed layer model, nonlinear coefficients, echo-shift, frequency-shift and backscattered power. These ultrasonic methods can derive temperature distribution effectively and give a better performance compared with other methods. Various ultrasonic methods adopted for measuring temperature are introduced in this paper, with their application and limitation analyzed respectively. The research evolution on this topic is described.