上肢功能锻炼与乳腺癌术后淋巴水肿

 乳腺癌术后淋巴水肿主要是由于淋巴系统结构受损，导致淋巴系统的负荷量超过其运转能力，从而使淋巴液在组织间积聚，主要表现为患肢的肿胀、沉重感和紧绷感、疼痛以及活动受限。淋巴水肿的发生与术式、化疗、肥胖、高血压以及个体基因改变相关。为了防止淋巴水肿的发生或加重，应避免患肢过度使用，功能锻炼强调循序渐进，然而仅循序渐进是不够的，在为患者选择锻炼方法时，应该综合考虑各种方式，根据患者暴露的危险因素情况，科学的选择个性化的锻炼方案，并准确选择淋巴水肿的评价标准，实时评价效果，以达到最佳治疗的目的。

Impact of upper limb exercise on breast cancer related lymphedema

Breast cancer related lymphedema is the accumulation of interstitial fluid due to the lymphatic fluid load exceeds its transport ability as a consequence of the lesion of lymphatic structure. It mainly presents as swelling of the affected limb, a feeling of heaviness or tightness in the limb, aching and restricted limb motion. Its incidence is related to surgery, chemical therapy, obesity, hypertention as well as the alteration of particular genes. To prevent the occurrence and exacerbation of lymphedema, patients should avoid the overuse of the affected limb. While limb exercise step by step can solve part of this problem, but not all, doctor should also take both the patterns of exercise and risk factors that patients expose into consideration, then make a individualized exercise plan, evaluate the condition precisely, in order to achieve the best treatment purposes.