对某综合医院护士预防住院病人跌倒的知识、态度、行为的调查

目的了解护士对于预防住院病人跌倒的知识、态度、行为的现况并分析其相关性。方法采用自设问卷调查方式，对北京市某三级甲等医院的141名护士进行抽查。结果141名护士预防跌倒知识得分处于较高水平，标准分得分（88．25±8．97）；预防跌倒知识得分相对最高，标准分（98．08±6．44），行走辅助具使用知识得分相对最低，标准分（69．98±25．29）。护士的跌倒预防态度呈中性态度，而跌倒预防行为得分处于较好水平，标准分（87．49±7．82）。跌倒预防态度与跌倒预防知识、行为的得分呈正相关（r=0.179、0.200，P〈0.05），跌倒预防知识得分与跌倒预防行为得分之间无相关性。工作年限与跌倒预防知识得分呈负相关（r=-0．191，P〈0.05）。而学习过跌倒预防知识和未遇到跌倒的两组护士在跌倒预防态度得分上差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。良好的科室氛围对护士的跌倒预防知识、行为影响有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论护士对行走辅助具使用知识认知不足；对跌倒预防态度呈中等水平；有较为恰当的跌倒预防行为；良好的科室氛围可增强护士的跌倒预防行为。

Study on knowledge, attitudes, behaviors of nurses to prevent falls of inpatients

Objective To investigate the evidence of the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of nurses to prevent falls of inpatients and to analyze the correlation among them. Methods The self-designed questionnaire about knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of nurses to prevent falls of inpatients was used to investigate nurses from a hospital of Grade Ⅲ Level A in Beijing. Results Scores of related knowledge to prevent falls of these nurses were in a better level(standard score 88.25 ± 8.97); the scores of knowledge to prevent falls without walking aids were relatively higher ( standard score 98.08± 6. 44), and the scores of walking aids-using-knowledge were relatively lower(standard score 69.98 ± 25.29), attitude towards prevention of falls were neutral, and scores of behaviors to prevent falls of these nurses were in a better level(standard score 87.49 ±7.82). Positive correlation was shown among attitudes, knowledge and behaviors to prevent falls. (r =0.179、0. 200, P ＜0. 05), however,there were no correlation between scores of knowledge and behaviors to prevent falls. Work experience and scores of knowledge to prevent falls were negatively correlated (r= -0.191, P＜0.05 ). Scores of attitude to prevent falls showed significant difference between the group of nurses who had learnt knowledge to prevent falls and group of those who had never encountered falls ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Good department atmosphere had a significant impact to nurses' knowledge and behaviors to prevent falls (P＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Nurses had inadequate cognition of walking aids-using-knowledge; attitudes towards prevention of fall were neutral; they had appropriate acts to prevent the falls; good department atmosphere can enhance the behaviors of nurses to prevent falls.