胶质瘤诊断和预后标志物的研究进展

神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统最常见而又最难治的恶性肿瘤,因其部位的特殊性,造成诊断困难,易复发而且难以治愈。因而寻找胶质瘤特异性的诊断和预后生物标志物变得更为重要。生物标志物是近些年来出现在医学研究领域上的热点,它作为可供客观测定和评价的一个生化或分子生物学指标,反映机体当前所处的生物学状态及进程。随着分子生物学新技术的应用,已发现一系列对诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗有实用价值的生物学标志物。本文总结了近几年关于胶质瘤诊断和预后标志物的一些研究进展,比如BRAF融合基因在毛细胞星形细胞瘤中的作用,染色体1p/19q,6O-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶(MGMT)甲基化状态和异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)在弥漫性胶质瘤中的作用。这些标志物是近几年恶性胶质瘤研究的热点,对进一步完善胶质瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断、指导预后和开辟有效的分子靶向治疗有重要的指导意义。

Current Progress of Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Gliomas

Glioma is the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system.The particularity of its position makes it difficult for diagnosis.As a result,looking for glioma biomarkers is important for diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis.With the application of new technology of molecular biology,series of biological markers have been found.This review summarized recent studies on diagnostic and prognostic markers for gliomas such as the BRAF fusion gene in pilocytic astrocytomas and 1p/19q codeletion,O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status and isocitrate dehydrogenase gene mutations in diffuse gliomas.These glioma biomarkers have been expected to facilitate diagnosis and the prediction of patient outcome.